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GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY (Theory) [1]

Paper Code: 
24ZOL221
Credits: 
4
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 
Course objectives:
This course will enable the students to
1. Emphasize on the normal physiology of each organ system of the body to students; this includes knowledge of the structure and function of the major organ systems, including the molecular, biochemical and cellular mechanisms for maintaining homeostasis.
2. Develop an understanding about the role of various enzymes and other factors involved in the physiology of digestion, respiration, muscles, nervous system, circulatory system and their associated disorders.
 
Course Outcomes: 

Course

Learning outcomes (at course level)

Learning and teaching strategies

Assessment Strategies

Course Code

Course Title

24ZOL

221

General Physiology

(Theory)

CO37:  Develop  an  understanding

about the process of digestion and

absorption of  major constituents of

food and differentiate between the

structure and properties of types of

muscles and mechanism of muscle

contraction.

CO38: Acquire the knowledge about

mechanism of nervous and chemical

regulation   of   breathing,   role   of

hemoglobin and analyse the structure

of heart, cardiac cycle, conduction

of impulse and blood coagulation.

CO39: Develop an understanding

about osmotic and ionic regulation and            the role of kidneys in the

process of excretion and hormonal

regulation of water and electrolyte

balance.

CO40:  Acquire  the  knowledge

about components of the nervous

system and conduction of nerve

impulses and reflex activity.

CO41: Intercept the knowledge about

different   endocrine   glands,    their

hormones, functions and mechanism

of hormone action.

CO42:    Contribute   effectively   in

course-specific interaction

Approach in

teaching:

Interactive

Lectures,

Discussion,

Tutorials,

Reading

assignments,

Demonstration,

Learning

activities for

the students:

Self-learning

assignments,

Effective questions,

Simulation,

Seminar

presentation,

Giving tasks,

Class test,

Semester

end

examinations,

Quiz

Assigments

Presentation

Individual

and group

projects

 

 

14.00
Unit I: 
UNIT I
Digestion
● Digestive enzymes and digestion of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids
● Intestinal absorption and assimilation Physiology of movement
● Ultrastructure of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle
● Muscle contraction
● Physical properties of muscle
 
14.00
Unit II: 
Unit II
Respiration
● Gases in external environment
● Respiratory organs and their ventilation.
● Respiratory pigments, Role of haemoglobin.
● BMR
● Transport of respiratory gases
● Concept of partial pressure
● Nervous and chemical control of respiration
Circulation
● Structure of heart
● Cardiac muscle properties
● Origin, conduction and regulation of heartbeat
● Cardiac cycle
● Blood coagulation
 
10.00
Unit III: 
Unit III
Osmotic and ionic regulation
● Maintenance of water and electrolyte balance in aquatic and terrestrial vertebrates. Excretion
● Functional architecture of mammalian kidney and Nephron.
● Formation of urine
● Counter current mechanism
● Hormonal regulation of water and electrolyte balance
● Renal regulation of acid base balance
 
8.00
Unit IV: 
Unit IV
Information processing in sensory and nervous system
● Nervous System- Structural elements
● Membrane potential, Nerve impulse propagation
● Synapse and Synaptic Transmission and Neurotransmitters
● Reflex activity and reflex arc
 
14.00
Unit V: 
Unit V
Chemical correlation and Neuroendocrine control
Endocrine glands (Structure, Function, Synthesis and Disorders)
● Pituitary
● Thyroid
● Thymus
● Adrenal
● Pancreas
● Parathyroid Gonads
Hormonal control of Male and Female Reproduction, Implantation, Parturition and Lactation in Mammals
Mechanism of Hormone Action
 
Essential Readings: 
  • Sembulingam, K.Sembulingam. Essentials of medical Physiology, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers, New Delhi.
  • TextBook of Medical Physiology; Chatterjee, M.N and Shinde, R.; Jaypee brothers.( 2007)
  • TextBook of Medical Physiology; Guyton, A.C; International student edition. W.B. Saunders, 12th edition.
  • Medical Physiology Indu Khurana & Arushi Khurana. Publisher: New Delhi : Reed Elsevier India, 2006.

 

 

References: 
SUGGESTED READINGS:
● General and Comparative Animal Physiology, Hoar, W.S.Prentice Hall of Indian.
● Animal Physiology: adaptation and Environment, KnutSch mdt Nielsen. Cambridge Press, UK.
● Ganong. Review of medical physiology. 21st edition, Lang medical Publications.
● An Introduction to Animal Physiology, Ian Kay, Bios scientific Pub., Oxford, UK.
 
e-RESOURCES:
● Physiology-Swayamprabha-https://dth.ac.in/medical/course.php [3]
● Anatomy-SwayamPrabha- https://dth.ac.in/medical/course.php [3]
e- JOURNALS:
● American Journal of Physiology-
● Journal of Applied Physiology
● Frontiers in Physiology
 
Academic Year: 
2024-2025 [4]

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Source URL: https://www.zoology.iisuniv.ac.in/courses/subjects/general-physiology-theory

Links:
[1] https://www.zoology.iisuniv.ac.in/courses/subjects/general-physiology-theory
[2] https://epgp.inflibnet.ac.in/Home/ViewSubject?catid=2rAs1Puvga4LW93zMe83aA==
[3] https://dth.ac.in/medical/course.php
[4] https://www.zoology.iisuniv.ac.in/academic-year/2024-2025